A new species of Xyliphius, a rarely sampled banjo catfish (Siluriformes: Aspredinidae) from the rio Tocantins-Araguaia system

A new species of Xyliphius, a rarely sampled banjo catfish (Siluriformes: Aspredinidae) from the rio Tocantins-Araguaia system

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Butter Rollers Xyliphius anachoretes, a new species of aspredinid catfish is described from the Tocantins-Araguaia River system.Xyliphius anachoretes is diagnosed by the presence of six developed retrorse serrae on posterior border of pectoral-fin spine, presence of papillae on the lower lip bearing minute branches, and only two dorsal procurrent rays.Comments about the informativeness of character-state variation among Xyliphius species and aspredinid related genera are furnished.Also, a brief discussion Bino Straps about conservation status of the new taxon is made.